The Ethereum Foundation has launched ZKnox, an organization specifically designed to concentrate on advancements in post-quantum cryptography.

This non-profit entity aims to foster the growth and development of the Ethereum blockchain. Ethereum Foundation Backed by the Ethereum Foundation, ZKnox has been formed to concentrate on advanced cryptographic research, emphasizing the need for robust open-source code to improve Ethereum's security framework.

ZKnox’s vision encompasses the provision of high-impact open-source tools designed to fortify Ethereum’s security protocols. Founded by a trio of specialists in cryptography and hardware security, the organization recognizes the imminent necessity for post-quantum cryptographic advancements as quantum computing evolves.

The team features notable professionals like Bacca Nicolas, a co-founder and former CTO of Ledger with a rich background of over 25 years in secure tech; Dubois Renaud, a cryptography expert with two decades of experience at Thales Defense and Ledger; and Masson Simon, who has spent 8 years in cryptology at Thales and Anoma. Their diverse expertise spans a wide range of security measures, from user-facing tools like hardware wallets to back-end systems incorporating Trusted Execution Environments (TEE) and hardware security modules (HSMs), as well as on-chain protections focused on smart contracts.

ZKnox has made impressive strides by refining the Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), an essential operation in post-quantum cryptography (PQ), significantly cutting down Ethereum's gas costs.

ZKnox has innovatively optimized the Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), a crucial element for accelerating complex computations needed for verifying PQ signatures. By implementing this NTT in Yul, the team has achieved remarkable reductions in gas costs across several PQ signature verification algorithms. Developers now have the flexibility to select from a variety of signature schemes, with the costs for full FALCON signature verification plunging from 24 million gas down to a mere 2 million. Consequently, PQ transactions on Ethereum have become twelve times more economical.

These advancements present a groundbreaking opportunity for the incorporation of post-quantum cryptography within the ecosystem, offering strengthened security while also enhancing cost-effectiveness, thus creating additional value for both developers and end-users.

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